http://publicaccess.nih.gov/

There is a separate discussion thread about how to consider NOT transferring copyright to the journals in order to comply with this policy. http://www.nitrc.org/forum/message.php?m...

In addition, I thought a thread on what the policy IS would also be a good idea. The first link above links to the NIH policy page.

In short the policy is:
NIH Public Access Policy Details
The NIH Public Access Policy implements Division G, Title II, Section 218 of PL 110-161 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008). The law states:

The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall require that all investigators funded by the NIH submit or have submitted for them to the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed Central an electronic version of their final, peer-reviewed manuscripts upon acceptance for publication, to be made publicly available no later than 12 months after the official date of publication: Provided, That the NIH shall implement the public access policy in a manner consistent with copyright law.

NIH Guide Notice for Public Access (January 11, 2008)